The United States has no sports commission, no chess and card management center, and basically all sports events are privately run. Similarly, the United States Chess Federation is also run by the people and organized spontaneously by the people. So it's not a state agency, and there's no government funding. Like most private organizations focusing on a special activity, it is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
A common feature of non-profit organizations is "no money" (there are also rich ones). Its main sources of income are: 1. Donations 2. Membership fees 3. Tournament game rating fees 4. Registration fees for organizing scholastic tournaments.
The picture above is the headquarter of the US Chess Federation in rural Tennessee. There may be a dozen offices (and storage rooms). I have never been the headquarter, and I believe 99% of chess players have never been there. There may not be 10 people who are usually working in the office. In January of this year (2022), it is said that the board of directors of the Chess Federation decided to move the family to St. Louis, to be closer to the St. Louis Chess Club. After all, it is now the capital of chess.
Just such a non-governmental organization, all American games use its rules and rating system. It is also the only chess federation accredited by FIDE to represent the United States. (There are many such non-governmental organizations in the United States. If you want to set up one yourself, no one can stop you. The most famous and still operating one is the Northwest Chess Federation. I will talk about it later when I have time.)
The Chess Federation formulates the rules, and the actual implementation depends on the affiliated organizations (including the State Chess Associations, Chess Clubs, Chess Schools) and TDs. All of these are not administrative agencies and have no direct subordinate relationship.